Drugs by Approval Status

Selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by activating adenylyl cyclase, increasing intracellular cAMP, leading to bronchodilation.

Inhibits calcium ion influx across cell membranes of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in peripheral arterial vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), preventing cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains essential for cell wall strength.

Atenolol is a cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, and certain arrhythmias.

Atorvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) used to lower cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular disease risk. One of the most prescribed medications worldwide.

Macrolide antibiotic effective against a broad range of bacterial infections including respiratory, skin, and sexually transmitted infections.

Cephalexin is a first-generation oral cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat susceptible bacterial infections of the skin, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and bone.

Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections including urinary tract, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin infections.

Citalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant used to treat major depressive disorder.

Clopidogrel is a thienopyridine antiplatelet agent used to reduce atherothrombotic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome, recent myocardial infarction or stroke, and peripheral arterial disease.

Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic used to treat respiratory, skin, genital, and tick-borne infections, and as prophylaxis for malaria.

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used for depression, anxiety, diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia, and chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Potently and selectively inhibits neuronal reuptake of serotonin (5-HT), enhancing serotonergic neurotransmission.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and the first drug in its class, widely used for depression, OCD, and eating disorders.

Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic used to treat fluid overload and edema associated with heart failure, renal disease, and hepatic cirrhosis, and to manage hypertension.

Binds to alpha-2-delta subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels in the central nervous system, reducing excitatory neurotransmitter release. Exact mechanism not fully understood.

Thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema by reducing sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Synthetic form of endogenous thyroid hormone T4. Converted to T3 (active form) in peripheral tissues. Binds to thyroid hormone receptors, regulating gene expression for metabolism, growth, and develop

DPP-4 inhibitor for type 2 diabetes. Unique among gliptins for primarily non-renal elimination, requiring no dose adjustment in kidney disease.

Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and improve survival after myocardial infarction.

Selectively blocks binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors, producing vasodilation, reduced aldosterone secretion, and decreased blood pressure.

Metformin is a biguanide antidiabetic agent used as first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works primarily by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity.

Selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker. Reduces heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output, lowering blood pressure and myocardial oxygen demand.

Leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma maintenance and allergic rhinitis.

Irreversibly blocks the hydrogen/potassium adenosine triphosphatase enzyme system (H+/K+ ATPase or gastric proton pump) of the gastric parietal cell, suppressing gastric acid secretion.

Proton pump inhibitor for gastric acid suppression, used in GERD, erosive esophagitis, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Synthetic corticosteroid prodrug converted to prednisolone (active form) in the liver. Binds to glucocorticoid receptors, modulating gene transcription to reduce inflammation and suppress immune respo

Rosuvastatin is a potent HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) used to lower LDL cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular risk.

Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant used to treat major depressive disorder, panic disorder, OCD, PTSD, social anxiety disorder, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

Simvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) used to lower LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

Tramadol is a centrally acting opioid analgesic with additional serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition, used for moderate to moderately severe pain.

Venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used to treat major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder.

Warfarin is an oral vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant used to prevent and treat thromboembolic disorders such as venous thromboembolism and stroke in atrial fibrillation.

Acetaminophen is a widely used non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic for the relief of mild to moderate pain and fever. It has little anti-inflammatory activity.

Aspirin is a salicylate NSAID with analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet properties, widely used for pain, fever, and cardiovascular prevention.

Second-generation antihistamine used for allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria with minimal sedation.

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, fever reduction, and anti-inflammatory effects. Available over-the-counter and by prescription.

Naproxen is a propionic-acid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain, inflammation, and fever.